Stat 1000: Tips for Assignment 11
Published: Wed, 11/09/11
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There is no Assignment 11 for those taking Classroom Lecture sessions.
Continue to study Lesson 8: Confidence Intervals for the Mean and Lesson 9: Hypothesis Tests for the Mean in my book, if you have it, to prepare for this topic. You will also need to study Lesson 10: Comparing Two Means. (You only need to study the first half of Lesson 10 where I teach matched pairs, you do not need to study the pooled two-sample method; they don't teach the two-sample method in the distance course; those of you with older editions of my book, this lesson does not exist, but is discussed at the end of Lesson 9 instead.) In general, this assignment revisits those concepts but not dealing with problems requiring the use of t rather than z.
You will be using Table A and Table D while learning Lessons 8 and 9, and doing this assignment. Here is a link where you can download those tables if you have not done so already:
First, be sure
to note whether a question gives you σ, the population standard
deviation, or s, the sample standard deviation. That dictates whether
you will use z or t when making your confidence interval. I would
assume, at this stage, you are likely to be given σ most of the time.
Question 1 is standard confidence interval stuff using t* as I show in Lesson 8.
In question 2, you
are asked for the standard error of the sample mean, not the standard deviation. I discuss the Standard Error of the sample mean in
Lesson 8 of my book.
Note the margin of error of
any confidence interval is everything that comes after the +/- in the
appropriate formula.
Question 3
Look at my examples 8, 9 and 10 in
Lesson 9 to understand how to put bounds on a P-value if you are using t. BE
CAREFUL! In Web Assign, when you are entering the critical values and tail
area bounds into your boxes always put the smaller value in the left box
and the larger value in the right box because the < signs demand
that.
Question 4
This is a matched pairs
problem. Study my questions 1 and 2 in Lesson 10 (or study the last two questions of Lesson 9 if you have an older book) to understand how to do
hypothesis tests for matched pairs.
To use JMP to do a matched
pairs test, copy and paste the data into New Data Table the usual way
then select "Analyze", "Matched Pairs". Be sure to read the entire problem to
determine if they have specified the order they want you to subtract. You
will see in part (c), they want JMP to do "op1- op2". Therefore, in the Matched Pairs pop-up menu, select "op2" first,
then click "Y, Paired Response", then select "op1" and click "Y, Paired
Response". Thus, in the Y, Paired Response window, you would see "op2" listed above "op1". JMP always does Second - First, so whichever is listed
second in that window will be the front of the subtraction. Click OK.
The output then gives you all you need. The "t-Ratio" is your test
statistic, and the three probabilities are the three P-values for the
two-tailed, upper-tailed, and lower-tailed tests. You also are given the confidence interval you desire.
After
using JMP to do the problem, I also suggest you do it by
hand since a question like this is always a possible exam question.
However, by hand, the best you can do is put bounds on the P-value,
whereas Web Assign requires an exact P-value.
Question 5
To use JMP: Select and copy the data and paste it into JMP the usual way. Note that the question only wants you to examine the red flowers.
Therefore, be sure you only select and copy the data for the red
flowers. That will also mean you will need to type in the names for the
columns yourself at the top. Alternatively, you could select and copy
all the data, then delete the rows in the JMP spreadsheet that do not
have red flowers.
Select "Analyze, Distribution" and make "length" the "Y Column " and click OK to get the Histogram and stuff. Click the red triangle next
to the variable and select "Test Mean" from the drop-down list. Enter in the
mean from your null hypothesis. Click "OK" and JMP gives you the hypothesis test at the bottom of the printout. Look
at my questions 13 and 14 for examples of how to read this printout.
You can now select, copy
and paste your output to a file ready for upload as usual.
When
they say "show all your steps", that does not mean you have to show how
the calculations are being done, just go through the 5 steps and list
what you have come up with for each step, using JMP's
numbers wherever appropriate.
Make sure you read my section on P-values to learn how to
properly interpret your P-value. All that is required is one or two sentences.
Do not think you have to write an essay, and don't think you have to really
write something that a "layman" will understand. A layman is never going to
understand a P-value, even if you spent three pages trying to explain
it.
Question 6 is just more practise at the concepts in Lessons 8 and 9.